Mobile IoT glossary

Time-zero is the time when all components are verified and ready for mass production, i.e. purchase order, input data, BAT approval, BAP approval, packing and label requirements.

An entitlement server enables providers to connect a new breed of mobile devices such as wearables and other companion devices like laptops and tablets. Network providers can also use the platform to deliver next-generation services to the user, manage subscriber authentication, and configure service settings over the air, across all devices from a single platform.

The GSMA's Security Accreditation Scheme (SAS) enables mobile operators, regardless of their resources or experience, to assess the security of their SIM (UICC and eUICC) suppliers, and of their eSIM (eUICC) subscription management service providers. The GSMA scheme sets out a standard framework for eSIM and SIM production (SAS-UP) and subscription management (SAS-SM) that aims to ensure a high level of security, compatibility and interoperability across the eSIM and SIM ecosystems.

Apple's Look Up Service (ALS) is the most developed and readily available eSIM discovery solution. Provided by Apple for cellular activation of all iOS eSIM devices, the Apple Lookup Server triggers the eSIM to install directly to the end user device via a push message ensuring a seamless user experience that's straightforward to integrate with the operator's SM-DP+. This service is currently offered free of charge by Apple.

GSMA's Subscription Management Root-Discovery Service (SM-DS) is an eSIM activation method available to telcos using a central hub to which devices can download their mobile subscription without the need for integrations between MNOs and OEMs. The GSMA charges an annual fee and usage fees for this service and there is also a one-off development cost for custom-built services.

The Discovery Service or DS provides a means to notify the LPA when eSIM profile data is available for download to the eUICC. The device polls the SM-DS for notifications when required.

Local Profile Assistant or LPA is a set of functions in the device responsible for providing the capability to download encrypted eSIM profiles to the eUICC. It also presents the local management interface to the user so they can manage the status of profiles on the eUICC.

Subscription Management Data Preparation Plus, or SM-DP+ for short, is responsible for the consumer eSIM profile creation, download, remote management and the protection of the operator's credentials.

Subscription Management – Secure Routing or SM-SR is the activity in which M2M eSIM profiles are remotely managed on a device. This means eSIM profiles can be added, enabled, disabled or deleted over the air.

Subscription Management – Data Preparation or SM-DP is the activity in which network M2M eSIM profiles are prepared, packaged and stored

The eUICC is produced by an eUICC manufacturer or EUM which is responsible for the secure upload of the eUICC's data to the SIM.

The software on the eSIM is called the eUICC. This is a secure element that contains one or more network profiles. Each profile enables the eUICC to function in the same way as a traditional removable SIM and connect to a mobile network.

eSIM management is the overseeing and control of the full SIM lifecycle from data generation and profile development to remote (over-the-air) provisioning, eSIM activation and deactivation. eSIM technology removes the physical challenges of managing legacy plastic SIM cards by providing remote control, updation, and visibility of devices using embedded SIM.

Remote SIM provisioning is also known as RSP is the act of remotely provisioning a network profile in a device with an embedded SIM or eSIM.

OTA campaigns use OTA platforms to deliver data, software, or configuration settings to mobile devices. OTA campaigns can be used for a variety of purposes, including the launch of new operator services or modification to existing ones. They can also be used to make file or software updates.

The wireless transmission of data, files, applets, and configuration settings to mobile devices is referred to as OTA (Over-The-Air). Mobile devices in the market can receive updates and new services via OTA platforms without the need to be in physical possession of the SIM card.

SIM applets are small applications that are stored on SIM cards. SIM applets can be used to extend the functionality of a SIM card such as storing contact information, adding security features, expanding network connectivity options or managing mobile payments.

SIM data personalisation refers to the upload of the SIM's unique information to its smart chip. This allows the SIM to connect to a specific network securely and enables the provider to identify a specific subscriber's device for purposes of billing etc.

From French bon à produire– "good for production". A BAP card is a fully operational and personalised card produced with the exact electrical profile with or without artwork (white BAP or full BAP with artwork). BAT and BAP testing play an essential role in the SIM manufacturing process.

A biodegradable SIM card completely biodegrades at the end of its usable life, either in landfill or compost conditions eliminating its plastic waste. It is made from oxo-biodegradable plastic that contains a stabiliser to ensure consistent performance over the usable life of the SIM. After use, when the card is placed in a landfill, the degradation process takes 18-30 months and as litter just 4-6 months. This offers a significantly reduced environmental footprint than traditional plastic and recyclable plastic SIM cards which are estimated to take hundreds of years to decompose.

From French bon à tirer – “good to shoot (print)”. A BAT card is a non-operational card produced using the materials, inks and finish that will be used in the mass production of the product. Although BAT cards cannot be technically tested with a device, both marketing and technical verification are required for printing and personalisation details. BAT and BAP testing play an essential role in the SIM manufacturing process.